{"id":2769,"date":"2021-11-30T23:20:47","date_gmt":"2021-11-30T22:20:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/?p=2769"},"modified":"2024-11-04T14:56:24","modified_gmt":"2024-11-04T13:56:24","slug":"bollingerova-pasma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/bollingerova-pasma\/","title":{"rendered":"Bollingerova p\u00e1sma (BB), jak funguj\u00ed v praxi?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bollingerova p\u00e1sma (BB &#8211; Bollinger Bands), umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016fm<strong> porovn\u00e1vat volatilitu a relativn\u00ed cenovou hladinu za ur\u010ditou \u010dasovou periodu<\/strong>. Jsou to indik\u00e1tory zalo\u017een\u00e9 na klouzav\u00e9m pr\u016fm\u011bru a standardn\u00ed odchylce, d\u00edky n\u00ed\u017e jsou p\u00e1sma vzhledem ke st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed volatilit\u011b trhu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 nebo \u00fazk\u00e1. 95% cenov\u00e9 akce se bude konat v Bollingerov\u00fdch p\u00e1smech, a tak budou obecn\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed jako siln\u00e9 oblasti supportu a rezistence.<\/p>\n<p>V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech je mo\u017en\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b obchodovat s rostouc\u00ed nebo klesaj\u00edc\u00ed cenou z jedn\u00e9 Bollingerovy linky na druhou. Kdy\u017e trend za\u010dne a volatilita trhu vzroste, rozestup Bollingerov\u00fdch p\u00e1s\u016f se zv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a jak se trend zpomal\u00ed, Bollingerovy p\u00e1sma se z\u00fa\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2 align=\"justify\">Bollingerova p\u00e1sma<\/h2>\n<div align=\"justify\">Tento<strong> Indik\u00e1tor z technick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy<\/strong> se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze t\u0159\u00ed hranic navr\u017een\u00fdch pro obsa\u017een\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161iny cenov\u00fdch zm\u011bn podkladov\u00e9ho aktiva<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>Jednoduch\u00fd pohybliv\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br SMA ve st\u0159edu<\/li>\n<li>Horn\u00ed hranice ( SMA plus 2 kr\u00e1t standardn\u00ed odchylka)<\/li>\n<li>Spodn\u00ed hranice (SMA minus 2 kr\u00e1t standardn\u00ed odchylka)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Standardn\u00ed odchylka je statistick\u00fd term\u00edn, kter\u00fd poskytuje zobrazen\u00ed volatility. Pou\u017eit\u00ed standardn\u00ed odchylky zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee p\u00e1sma budou reagovat rychle na pohyby ceny a odr\u00e1\u017eet periody vysok\u00e9 a n\u00edzk\u00e9 volatility. Ostr\u00e9 n\u00e1r\u016fsty (nebo poklesy) ceny a z toho d\u016fvodu volatility budou v\u00e9st k roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed p\u00e1sem.<\/p>\n<h2>Jak funguj\u00ed Bollingerova p\u00e1sma<\/h2>\n<p>Pro v\u00fdpo\u010det Bollingerova p\u00e1sma jsou nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 ceny. Mohou b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 pou\u017eity jin\u00e9 variace, v\u010detn\u011b typick\u00fdch a v\u00e1\u017een\u00fdch cen.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Typick\u00e1 cena = (high + low + close)\/3<\/li>\n<li>V\u00e1\u017een\u00e1 cena = (high + low + close + close)\/4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bollinger doporu\u010duje pou\u017e\u00edt 20denn\u00ed SMA pro st\u0159edovou linii a 2 kr\u00e1t standardn\u00ed odchylku pro vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hranice. D\u00e9lka SMA a po\u010det standardn\u00edch odchylek mohou b\u00fdt nastaveny tak, aby se l\u00e9pe p\u0159izp\u016fsobily individu\u00e1ln\u00edm priorit\u00e1m a specifick\u00fdm charakteristik\u00e1m trhu. Metoda pokus\u016f a omyl\u016f je jedna z metod pro ur\u010den\u00ed vhodn\u00e9 d\u00e9lky klouzav\u00e9ho pr\u016fm\u011bru.<\/p>\n<p>Pro ur\u010den\u00ed vhodn\u00e9ho po\u010dtu period m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eit jednoduch\u00fd vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed odhad. Bollingerovo p\u00e1smo m\u00e1 zahrnovat v\u011bt\u0161inu cenov\u00e9ho pohybu, ale ne cel\u00fd. Po v\u00fdrazn\u00fdch pohybech je proniknut\u00ed p\u00e1sem norm\u00e1ln\u00ed. Vyskytne-li se proniknut\u00ed okraj\u016f p\u00e1sem p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u010dasto, pak je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed del\u0161\u00ed klouzav\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br. Pokud se ceny z\u0159\u00eddka dot\u00fdkaj\u00ed okraj\u016f p\u00e1sem je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed krat\u0161\u00ed klouzav\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/bollinger-bands-2.png\"><img alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2784 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/bollinger-bands-2-1024x258.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"994\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/bollinger-bands-2-1024x258.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/bollinger-bands-2-300x76.png 300w, https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/bollinger-bands-2-768x194.png 768w, https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/bollinger-bands-2-1536x387.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/bollinger-bands-2-159x40.png 159w, https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/bollinger-bands-2-127x32.png 127w, https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/bollinger-bands-2-317x80.png 317w, https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/bollinger-bands-2-535x135.png 535w, https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/bollinger-bands-2.png 1542w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 994px) 100vw, 994px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metoda pro ur\u010den\u00ed d\u00e9lky klouzav\u00e9ho pr\u016fm\u011bru je jeho porovn\u00e1n\u00edm s reakc\u00ed na cenov\u00e9 dno. Pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed dna a revers sestupn\u00e9ho trendu, mus\u00ed cena vytvo\u0159it dno, kter\u00e9 je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159edchoz\u00ed dno. Spr\u00e1vn\u011b nastaven\u00e9 <strong>Bollingerova p\u00e1sma<\/strong> m\u00e1 udr\u017eet support vytvo\u0159en\u00fd druh\u00fdm (vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm) dnem. Pokud druh\u00e9 dno pronikne p\u0159es spodn\u00ed p\u00e1smo, je klouzav\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 kr\u00e1tk\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud druh\u00e9 dno z\u016fstane nad spodn\u00ed hranic\u00ed p\u00e1sma pak je klouzav\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouh\u00fd. Stejn\u00e1 logika m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pou\u017eita pro cenov\u00e9 n\u00e1r\u016fsty. Obecn\u011b Bollinger doporu\u010duje 10-denn\u00ed klouzav\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br pro kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 a 20-denn\u00ed klouzav\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br pro st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e9 a 50-denn\u00ed klouzav\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br pro dlouhodob\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely.<\/p>\n<h2>Pou\u017eit\u00ed v praxi<\/h2>\n<p>Krom\u011b ur\u010den\u00ed relativn\u00edch cenov\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00ed a volatility, <strong>Bollingerovo p\u00e1smo<\/strong> m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kombinov\u00e1no s cenov\u00fdmi a jin\u00fdmi indik\u00e1tory generuj\u00edc\u00ed sign\u00e1ly a p\u0159edpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edmi cenov\u00e9 pohyby. Dvojit\u00e9 dno n\u00e1kup: N\u00e1kupn\u00ed sign\u00e1l dvojit\u00e9 dno vznik\u00e1, kdy\u017e ceny proniknou spodn\u00ed hranici a z\u016fstanou nad spodn\u00ed hranic\u00ed pot\u00e9, co se vytvo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9 dno. Jedno dno m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed nebo ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e druh\u00e9. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 v\u011bc je, \u017ee druh\u00e9 dno z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nad spodn\u00ed hranic\u00ed. B\u00fd\u010d\u00ed sign\u00e1l je potvrzen\u00fd, kdy\u017e se cena pohne nad st\u0159ed, nebo jednoduch\u00fd klouzav\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br.<\/p>\n<p>Prudk\u00e9 zm\u011bny ceny se mohou vyskytnout pot\u00e9, co se p\u00e1smo z\u00fa\u017eilo a volatilita je n\u00edzk\u00e1. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Bollingerova p\u00e1sma nenazna\u010duj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed cen. Sm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt ur\u010deno s pou\u017eit\u00edm jin\u00fdch indik\u00e1tor\u016f a aspekt\u016f technick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy. Mnoh\u00e9 cenov\u00e9 pohyby proch\u00e1zej\u00ed obdob\u00edm vysok\u00e9 volatility n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm obdob\u00edm n\u00edzk\u00e9 volatility. S pou\u017eit\u00edm Bollingerov\u00fdch p\u00e1sem mohou b\u00fdt tato obdob\u00ed snadno identifikov\u00e1na vizu\u00e1ln\u00edm odhadem. \u00dazk\u00e9 p\u00e1smo ozna\u010duje n\u00edzkou volatilitu a \u0161irok\u00e9 p\u00e1smo ozna\u010duje vysokou voaltilitu. Volatilita m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro op\u010dn\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010de, proto\u017ee ceny opc\u00ed budou ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e je volatilita n\u00edzk\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><b>Bollinger Bounce &#8211; Odraz<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p>S t\u00edmto pojmem zn\u00e1me se spojuj\u00ed odrazy v Bollingerov\u00fdch p\u00e1smech, d\u011bje se tak proto, \u017ee Bollingerova p\u00e1sma funguj\u00ed jako supporty a men\u0161\u00ed rezistence. Na grafech s del\u0161\u00edm \u010dasov\u00fdm horizontem jsou tyto supporty a rezistence siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e na grafech s krat\u0161\u00edmi obdob\u00edmi. Cena obvykle sm\u011bruje k n\u00e1vratu do st\u0159edn\u00ed oblasti Bollingerov\u00fdch p\u00e1sem, co\u017e je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b \u010dast\u00e9 v obdob\u00edch, kdy se trh pohybuje v ur\u010dit\u00e9m rozmez\u00ed. Tato my\u0161lenka m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 p\u0159i identifikaci maxim\u00e1ln\u00edch a minim\u00e1ln\u00edch bod\u016f, stejn\u011b jako pro ur\u010den\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch vstupn\u00edch a v\u00fdstupn\u00edch \u00farovn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><b><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Bollinger\u016fv stisk (Bollingerova kontrakce)<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p>Jak jsme si mohli pov\u0161imnout, Bollingerova p\u00e1sma dob\u0159e funguj\u00ed na trz\u00edch s horizont\u00e1ln\u00edmi pohyby, zat\u00edmco na trz\u00edch s trendov\u00fdmi pohyby je vhodn\u00fd vstup do obchodu mo\u017en\u00fd po obdob\u00ed klidu. Toto klidn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed je nazna\u010deno smr\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00edm Bollingerov\u00fdch p\u00e1sem, kdy se sni\u017euje volatilita. B\u011bhem tohoto \u00faseku s n\u00edzkou volatilitou a omezen\u00fdm pohybem ceny se p\u00e1sma stahuj\u00ed a vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed \u00fazk\u00fd a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed kan\u00e1l. Pokud p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00edme z klesaj\u00edc\u00edho trendu a sv\u00edce proraz\u00ed doln\u00ed hranici kan\u00e1lu, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee pokra\u010duje medv\u011bd\u00ed trend. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00edme z rostouc\u00edho trendu a kan\u00e1l je prora\u017een sm\u011brem nahoru, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee cena bude nad\u00e1le stoupat.<\/p>\n<h2>Shrnut\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>I kdy\u017e Bollingerova p\u00e1smo mohou pomoci generovat n\u00e1kupn\u00ed nebo prodejn\u00ed sign\u00e1ly, nejsou navr\u017eeny pro ur\u010den\u00ed budouc\u00edho sm\u011bru cenov\u00e9ho pohybu. P\u00e1smo bylo navr\u017eeno pro roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jin\u00fdch analytick\u00fdch technik a indik\u00e1tor\u016f. Samo Bollingerovo p\u00e1smo slou\u017e\u00ed pro dv\u011b prim\u00e1rn\u00ed funkce.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ur\u010dit obdob\u00ed<strong> vysok\u00e9 a n\u00edzk\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/volatilita\/\">volatility <\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Ur\u010dit obdob\u00ed, kdy ceny jsou na extr\u00e9mn\u00edch a mo\u017en\u00e1 neudr\u017eiteln\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00edch.<\/li>\n<li>Spole\u010dn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed s \u200b\u200bjin\u00fdmi indik\u00e1tory pom\u00e1h\u00e1 s vysokou pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed ur\u010dit support a rezistence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Cenov\u00e9 pohyby mohou kol\u00edsat mezi obdob\u00edmi vysok\u00e9 a n\u00edzk\u00e9 volatility. Schopnost ozna\u010dit obdob\u00ed n\u00edzk\u00e9 volatility, m\u016f\u017ee slou\u017eit jako v\u00fdstraha pro monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed ceny dan\u00e9ho aktiva. Ostatn\u00ed aspekty technick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy, jako momentum, klouzav\u00e9 pr\u016fm\u011bry, mohou b\u00fdt pak pou\u017eity na pomoc pro ur\u010den\u00ed sm\u011bru p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9ho prolomen\u00ed. Pamatujte, \u017ee n\u00e1kupn\u00ed a prodejn\u00ed sign\u00e1ly nejsou d\u00e1ny, kdy\u017e cena dos\u00e1hne horn\u00ed nebo doln\u00ed hranice p\u00e1sma.<\/p>\n<p>Takov\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b pouze ur\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee cena je relativn\u011b vysoko nebo n\u00edzko. Dan\u00fd instrument pak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159eprodan\u00fd nebo p\u0159ekoupen\u00fd pro \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed \u010dasov\u00e9 obdob\u00ed. Pozn\u00e1n\u00ed, zda je cena aktiva u\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1 nebo n\u00edzk\u00e1, m\u016f\u017ee zlep\u0161it vyu\u017eit\u00ed ostatn\u00edch indik\u00e1tor\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bollingerovo P\u00e1smo je indik\u00e1tor, kter\u00fd dovoluje u\u017eivatel\u016fm porovnat volatilitu a relativn\u00ed cenovou \u00farove\u0148 b\u011bhem \u010dasov\u00e9 periody, vymyslel ho Johnem Bollinger, po kter\u00e9m se i jmenuje.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2777,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"Co jsou to Bollingerova p\u00e1sma (BB), jak funguj\u00ed a jde je vyu\u017e\u00edt p\u0159i obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed? K \u010demu se tento indik\u00e1tor vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v technick\u00e9 anal\u00fdze?","_seopress_robots_index":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[209],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2769","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-indikatory"],"modified_by":"Krpensk\u00fd Martin","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2769","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2769"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2769\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2777"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2769"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2769"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2769"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}