{"id":3486,"date":"2022-05-23T23:49:07","date_gmt":"2022-05-23T21:49:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/?p=3486"},"modified":"2024-02-08T13:32:31","modified_gmt":"2024-02-08T12:32:31","slug":"long-nebo-short-obchodovani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/long-nebo-short-obchodovani\/","title":{"rendered":"Long nebo Short obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Specifikem obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s v\u011bt\u0161inou finan\u010dn\u00edch instrument\u016f na nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podkladov\u00e1 aktiva (akcie, komodity, m\u011bny)<\/strong> je zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed skute\u010dnost, \u017ee obchodn\u00ed operace je mo\u017eno realizovat ob\u011bma sm\u011bry. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee sv\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed pozice m\u016f\u017eete otev\u00edrat jako n\u00e1kupn\u00ed pro spekulaci, \u017ee ceny vybran\u00e9ho aktiva porostou, nebo m\u016f\u017eete otev\u0159\u00edt pozici prodejn\u00ed pro p\u0159\u00edpadnou spekulaci na pokles ceny aktiva.<\/p>\n

To je d\u00e1no povahou finan\u010dn\u00edch instrument\u016f, kter\u00fdmi mohou b\u00fdt nap\u0159. Komoditn\u00ed futures, opce, swapy, certifik\u00e1ty nebo v na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b CFDs. Otev\u0159en\u00edm obchodn\u00ed pozice zabezpe\u010dujete podle povahy finan\u010dn\u00edho instrumentu cenov\u00e9 parametry obchodu, ani\u017e byste museli b\u00fdt vlastn\u00edky tohoto aktiva.<\/p>\n

Jak funguje spekulace na pokles a na r\u016fst?<\/h2>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b CFDs otev\u00edr\u00e1te tzv. kontrakty pro rozd\u00edl<\/strong>, kdy m\u016f\u017eete otev\u0159\u00edt svou pozici kter\u00fdmkoliv sm\u011brem (prodej \u2013 sell, n\u00e1kup \u2013 buy), pouze s povinnost\u00ed v budouc\u00edm \u010dase tuto pozici uzav\u0159\u00edt s povinnost\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edho vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed. Je-li V\u00e1\u0161 odhad cenov\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje vybran\u00e9ho aktiva spr\u00e1vn\u00fd, realizujte ze sv\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed pozice zisk, je-li V\u00e1\u0161 odhad \u0161patn\u00fd, m\u016f\u017ee Va\u0161e pozice b\u00fdt ztr\u00e1tov\u00e1. Zaj\u00edmavou informac\u00ed nebo skute\u010dnost\u00ed pro V\u00e1s m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt fakt, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina V\u00e1mi otev\u0159en\u00fdch pozic se ocit\u00e1 v do\u010dasn\u00e9 ztr\u00e1t\u011b z d\u016fvod\u016f nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fdch fluktuac\u00ed cen, ale stejn\u011b tak naprost\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina V\u00e1mi otev\u00edran\u00fdch pozic se dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do zisku. A to zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b tehdy, jsou-li Va\u0161e pozice otev\u0159eny v souladu s aktu\u00e1ln\u00edmi trendy, (viditeln\u00fdmi zejm\u00e9na na Daily a 60\u00b4min. grafech).<\/p>\n

Je zde Va\u0161i svobodnou\u00a0<\/strong>v\u016fl\u00ed se znalost\u00ed trh\u016f, princip\u016f tohoto obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed , aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed situac\u00ed ve Va\u0161em obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed, akceptac\u00ed rizik a z\u00e1sad Moneymanagementu, kdy a jak um\u00edst\u00edte sv\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed pohyby Stop, Limit, resp. kdy a v jak\u00e9 situaci obchod uzav\u0159ete.\u00a0Nau\u010dte se uzav\u00edrat sv\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed pozice v\u017edy v zisku!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed koncept \u010destn\u00e9ho vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz je v nakupov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00edzko a prod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vysoko, co\u017e je v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b snadno pochopiteln\u00e9 a jsme na to zvykl\u00ed. Je to prost\u011b norm\u00e1ln\u00ed c\u00edl obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed. My\u0161lenka obsahuje c\u00edl, a p\u0159esto\u017ee c\u00edle nen\u00ed v\u017edy dosa\u017eeno, obchodn\u00edk by m\u011bl m\u00edt pro sv\u00e9 snahy v\u017edy d\u016fvod. P\u0159i obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s futures je c\u00edlem profitovat z pohybu cen. Opakujeme: z pohybu cen. Ne v\u017edy mo\u017en\u00e9 dos\u00e1hnout, ale v\u017edy c\u00edl. Online obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch instrument\u016f CFDs a Forexu umo\u017e\u0148uje aktivn\u00ed spekulace na r\u016fst nebo pokles ceny aktiva. Je to jedin\u00e9 podnik\u00e1n\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b, kde m\u016f\u017eete sv\u00e9 aktivum nejd\u0159\u00edve prodat a pot\u00e9e nakoupit, ani\u017e byste jej vlastnili.<\/p>\n

Long obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/h2>\n

V \u017eargonu pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9m b\u011b\u017en\u011b p\u0159i obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s futures komoditami se staly \u010dasem p\u0159irozen\u00fdmi n\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy, jako long. Kdy\u017e si obchodn\u00edk koup\u00ed kontrakt tak se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee goes long (jde dlouze) a zalo\u017eil long position (dlouhou pozici). Going long ve finan\u010dn\u00edch kontraktech znamen\u00e1, \u017ee si obchodn\u00edk mysl\u00ed, \u017ee cena poroste a je ochoten na to vsadit t\u00edm, \u017ee si koup\u00ed kontrakt. Long position (dlouhou pozici) tak\u00e9 n\u011bkdy naz\u00fdv\u00e1me bullish position (b\u00fd\u010d\u00ed pozice). To je stejn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup, jako na trhu s akciemi, kde je investor bullish na akcie n\u011bkter\u00e9 firmy, proto\u017ee si mysl\u00ed, nebo douf\u00e1, nebo se modl\u00ed, aby cena t\u00e9to akcie stoupla.<\/p>\n

Nakupujeme, p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me-li, \u017ee cena aktiva poroste.<\/strong> Rostouc\u00ed ceny na grafech jsou dobrou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed pro ziskovou spekulaci. Trend r\u016fstu ceny se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 bulltrend, uptrend, longsituation, \u010desky b\u00fd\u010d\u00ed, stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed trh. Kupov\u00e1n\u00ed kontraktu je bejk\u00e1rna (bullish, b\u00fd\u010d\u00ed). Oboj\u00ed znamen\u00e1 going long, b\u00fdt long, m\u00edt dlouhou pozici. Long je bejk\u00e1rna, bejk\u00e1rna je nakupov\u00e1n\u00ed, nakupov\u00e1n\u00ed je douf\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee cena poroste. V\u0161echna pou\u017eit\u00ed slova long reflektuj\u00ed z\u00e1jem na tom, aby cena rostla. Pokud a jestli cena vzroste, pl\u00e1n obchodn\u00edka s dlouhou pozic\u00ed je prodat na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed cen\u011b a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem vyd\u011blat zisk. Konstantn\u00ed c\u00edl obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed je jednoduch\u00fd: nakoupit n\u00edzko, prodat vysoko.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Short obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Opozitem od going – je going short.\u00a0<\/strong>Tak\u017ee kdy\u017e je obchodn\u00edk short (kr\u00e1tk\u00fd), pak si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee cena kontrakt\u016f bude klesat. Kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 pozice je vlastn\u011bn\u00ed kontrakt\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly prod\u00e1ny v p\u0159edpokladu ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch cen v bl\u00edzk\u00e9 budoucnosti. Obchodn\u00edk douf\u00e1, \u017ee kontrakty nakoup\u00ed pozd\u011bji (zlikviduje) na ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch cen\u00e1ch a t\u00edm p\u00e1dem vyd\u011bl\u00e1. Obchodn\u00edk je short, pokud nejd\u0159\u00edv prod\u00e1 kontrakt.<\/p>\n

Prod\u00e1v\u00e1me, p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me-li, \u017ee cena aktiva poklesne. Klesaj\u00edc\u00ed ceny na grafech jsou dobrou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed. Trend klesaj\u00edc\u00ed ceny se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 beartrend, downtrend, downsituation, \u010desky klesaj\u00edc\u00ed, medv\u011bd\u00ed trh. Pokud obchodn\u00edci maj\u00ed n\u00e1zor, \u017ee ceny m\u00ed\u0159\u00ed na jih, jsou bearish (medv\u011bd\u00ed) a pak jdou short nebo zalo\u017e\u00ed kr\u00e1tkou pozici (short pozition). To v\u0161e znamen\u00e1 nejd\u0159\u00edv prodat v\u0161echny kontrakty. A pokud se jich n\u011bkdo zept\u00e1, jak\u00e1 je jejich pozice s ur\u010dit\u00fdm aktivem, mohou odpov\u011bd\u011bt \u017ee jsou na trhu kr\u00e1tc\u00ed (short on market). Short je ekvivalentem k bearish (medv\u011bd\u00ed). I zde je princip stejn\u00fd: nakoupit n\u00edzko, prodat vysoko, pouze v opa\u010dn\u00e9m po\u0159ad\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br a shrnut\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Long a short obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou dv\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00ed strategie pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 investory a tradery k navigaci a vyu\u017eit\u00ed tr\u017en\u00edch pohyb\u016f. Zat\u00edmco long pozice o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 r\u016fst ceny aktiva, short pozice spekuluje na pokles. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 z t\u011bchto strategi\u00ed nab\u00edz\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti, ale tak\u00e9 nese specifick\u00e1 rizika.<\/p>\n

\u00dasp\u011bch v long nebo short obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u017eaduje nejen dobrou tr\u017en\u00ed intuici a anal\u00fdzu, ale tak\u00e9 pevnou spr\u00e1vu rizik a discipl\u00ednu<\/strong>. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 pokra\u010dovat ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a adaptaci na m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se tr\u017en\u00ed podm\u00ednky. Bez ohledu na strategii je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 m\u00edt jasn\u011b definovan\u00e9 c\u00edle, rozumn\u011b nastaven\u00e9 stop-lossy a take-profit p\u0159\u00edkazy<\/a>, a udr\u017eovat obez\u0159etn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k risk managementu. Pamatujte, \u017ee i p\u0159es potenci\u00e1l pro zisk, obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed na finan\u010dn\u00edch trz\u00edch v\u017edy zahrnuje riziko ztr\u00e1ty a proto by m\u011blo b\u00fdt prov\u00e1d\u011bno s rozvahou a zodpov\u011bdnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Specifikem obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s v\u011bt\u0161inou finan\u010dn\u00edch instrument\u016f na nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podkladov\u00e1 aktiva (akcie, komodity, m\u011bny) je zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed skute\u010dnost, \u017ee obchodn\u00ed operace je mo\u017eno realizovat ob\u011bma sm\u011bry. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee sv\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed pozice m\u016f\u017eete otev\u00edrat jako n\u00e1kupn\u00ed pro spekulaci, \u017ee ceny vybran\u00e9ho aktiva porostou, nebo m\u016f\u017eete otev\u0159\u00edt pozici prodejn\u00ed pro p\u0159\u00edpadnou spekulaci na pokles ceny aktiva. To […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3487,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"Z\u00e1klady long a short obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed na finan\u010dn\u00edch trz\u00edch. Jak vyu\u017e\u00edvat tr\u017en\u00ed pohyby v n\u00e1\u0161 prosp\u011bch, a\u0165 u\u017e o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me r\u016fst \u010di pokles ceny aktiva.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[194,196,214],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3486","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-akcie","category-forex","category-komodity"],"modified_by":"Krpensk\u00fd Martin","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3486","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3486"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3486\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3487"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3486"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3486"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3486"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}