{"id":4416,"date":"2022-12-06T13:46:31","date_gmt":"2022-12-06T12:46:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/?p=4416"},"modified":"2022-12-06T13:47:30","modified_gmt":"2022-12-06T12:47:30","slug":"jack-welch-inovator-byznysmen-a-neustupny-lidr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/jack-welch-inovator-byznysmen-a-neustupny-lidr\/","title":{"rendered":"Jack Welch \u2013 inov\u00e1tor, byznysmen a ne\u00fastupn\u00fd l\u00eddr"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\"\"<\/a>Obdivovan\u00fd stejn\u011b tak i nen\u00e1vid\u011bn\u00fd mana\u017eer se zapsal do historie sv\u011btov\u00e9ho byznysu<\/strong> jako v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd mana\u017eer, kter\u00fd dok\u00e1zal z\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti General Electric vybudovat mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed korporaci gigantick\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f. Pr\u00e1vem se tak za\u0159adil mezi nejrespektovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed byznysmeny druh\u00e9 poloviny 20.stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Narodil se do rodiny irsk\u00fdch katolick\u00fdch p\u0159ist\u011bhovalc\u016f 19. listopadu 1935 v\u00a0mal\u00e9m m\u011bste\u010dku Peabody, ve st\u00e1t\u011b Massachusetts. Po st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole v Salemu promoval v roce 1957 jako bakal\u00e1\u0159 chemick\u00e9ho in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed na University v Massachusetts, magistersk\u00fd titul a n\u00e1sledn\u00fd doktor\u00e1t z\u00edskal na University v\u00a0Illinois.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Osobn\u00ed \u017eivot<\/b><\/h2>\n

V roce 1960, ihned po dokon\u010den\u00ed studi\u00ed, nastoupil Jack Welch za podpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd plat 10 tis\u00edc dolar\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b v General Electric<\/strong> v Massachusetts jako technik. N\u00edzk\u00e1 mzda a nesmysln\u00e1 byrokracie ho v\u0161ak natolik odradila, \u017ee cht\u011bl firmu rychle opustit. Kdy\u017e se o jeho \u00famyslech dozv\u011bd\u011bl jeho nad\u0159\u00edzen\u00fd Reuben Gutoff, pozval ho na ve\u010de\u0159i, kde ho p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dil, aby neodch\u00e1zel. Gutoff vid\u011bl v\u00a0mlad\u00e9m technikovi nevyu\u017eit\u00fd potenci\u00e1l, kter\u00fd by firma m\u011bla vyu\u017e\u00edt. Asi s\u00e1m netu\u0161il, jak\u00e9ho z\u00e1sadn\u00edho kroku se pro rozvoj firmy dopustil.<\/p>\n

V osobn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b, je Welch ji\u017e pot\u0159et\u00ed \u017eenat\u00fd. S prvn\u00ed man\u017eelkou Carolyn byl 28 let. Maj\u00ed spolu \u010dty\u0159i d\u011bti a roze\u0161li se pr\u00fd v dobr\u00e9m. S druhou \u017eenou Jane \u017eil 14 let a p\u0159i rozchodu si odnesla majetek za neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch 180 mili\u00f3n\u016f dolar\u016f. T\u0159et\u00ed \u017eenou Welchova \u017eivota se stala Suzy Wetlauferov\u00e1, s n\u00ed\u017e \u017eije dosud. Sezn\u00e1mili se b\u011bhem p\u0159\u00edpravy obchodn\u00ed publikace pro Harvard, kterou spole\u010dn\u011b chystali.<\/p>\n

\u00a0General Electric<\/b><\/h2>\n

Spole\u010dnost vznikla na z\u00e1klad\u011b f\u016fze Edisonovy General Electric Company a Thomas-Houstonov\u00fdch Electric Company v\u00a0roce 1892<\/strong>. Za nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed v\u00edc ne\u017e stovku let se spole\u010dnost vyvinula do skute\u010dn\u011b ob\u0159\u00edch rozm\u011br\u016f, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v\u00fdznamnou z\u00e1sluhu na tom, \u017ee je GE v sou\u010dasnosti \u010dtvrtou nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obchodn\u00ed zna\u010dkou na sv\u011bt\u011b, m\u011bl pr\u00e1v\u011b Jack Welch.<\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 tv\u00e1\u0159 General Electric \u00a0je slo\u017een\u00edm n\u011bkolika v\u00edcem\u00e9n\u011b samostatn\u00fdch diviz\u00ed realizuj\u00edc\u00edch se ve zcela r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblastech. Specifick\u00e1 struktura obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9 v podstat\u011b autonomn\u00ed podniky pak je v\u00fdsledkem \u0159ady n\u00e1kup\u016f a reorganizac\u00ed. Hlavn\u00ed \u010dinnosti, jim\u017e se spole\u010dnost v\u011bnuje jsou finan\u010dnictv\u00ed, pr\u016fmysl, doprava, zdravotnictv\u00ed, z\u00e1bava a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch. Spole\u010dnost je aktivn\u00ed na cel\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b dal\u0161\u00edch trh\u016f, od v\u00fdroby a distribuce elekt\u0159iny, p\u0159es pr\u016fmyslovou mechanizaci, motory (v\u010detn\u011b leteck\u00fdch), lokomotivy, zdravotnick\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed, finance a\u017e po materi\u00e1ly jakou jsou plasty, silikony nebo smirky.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edseln\u00e9 \u00fadaje o General Electric jsou ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed. Operuje ve v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 zem\u00edch sv\u011bta, aktu\u00e1ln\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e na 300 tis\u00edc lid\u00ed a ro\u010dn\u00ed obrat m\u00e1 kolem 160 miliard dolar\u016f. \u010cist\u00fd zisk se pohybuje kolem 20 miliard dolar\u016f. Da\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed GE \u010d\u00edt\u00e1 \u00fadajn\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 24 tis\u00edc str\u00e1nek a je nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00edm dokumentem sv\u00e9ho druhu v cel\u00fdch Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech.<\/p>\n

Profesn\u00ed kari\u00e9ra Jacka Welche<\/b><\/h2>\n

Pov\u011bst schopn\u00e9ho mana\u017eer si Welch<\/strong> z\u00edskal pom\u011brn\u011b rychle a jeho kari\u00e9ra za\u010dala rychle r\u016fst. Pot\u00e9, co se pod\u00edlel na v\u00fdvoji nov\u00fdch plast\u016f, pov\u00fd\u0161il na post gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0159editele tov\u00e1rny, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla na starosti pr\u00e1v\u011b produkci nov\u00e9ho plastu \u00a0Kr\u00e1tce nato byl pov\u00fd\u0161en na post \u0161\u00e9fa divize plast\u016f v\u00a0cel\u00e9 skupin\u011b General Electric.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 mana\u017eersk\u00e9 schopnosti a marketingov\u00fd talent katapultoval nad\u011bjn\u00e9ho mlad\u00edka v hierarchii spole\u010dnosti do horn\u00edch pater. V roce 1972, 2 let od n\u00e1stupu k GE, byl jako sedmat\u0159icetilet\u00fd, jmenov\u00e1n viceprezidentem spole\u010dnosti. O dev\u011bt let pozd\u011bji zvolen v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm \u0159editelem a p\u0159edsedou spr\u00e1vn\u00ed rady GE.<\/p>\n

Ihned po n\u00e1stupu do nov\u00e9 funkce zah\u00e1jil r\u00e1znou restrukturalizaci cel\u00e9 firmy. Prim\u00e1rn\u00edm bodem bylo ze\u0161t\u00edhlen\u00ed Welchem nen\u00e1vid\u011bn\u00e9ho byrokratick\u00e9ho apar\u00e1tu v\u00a0GE. po\u010det zam\u011bstnanc\u016f spole\u010dnosti klesl pod Welchov\u00fdm veden\u00edm v letech 1981-85 z 411 na 299 tis\u00edc, tedy o v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 tis\u00edc zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. Hromadn\u00e9 person\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010distky p\u0159ineslo Welchovy negativn\u00ed pov\u011bst, nicm\u00e9n\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd mana\u017eer vid\u011bl v ze\u0161t\u00edhlen\u00ed firmy z\u00e1kladn\u00ed krok k dal\u0161\u00ed prosperit\u011b.<\/p>\n

Ro\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmy General Electric postupn\u011b vzrostly z\u00a028 miliard vysoko nad 150 miliard ro\u010dn\u011b<\/strong>. S\u00a0rostouc\u00edmi tr\u017ebami za\u010dal znovu r\u016fst i po\u010det zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. Firmu p\u0159eorganizoval do 12 diviz\u00ed, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e mohl l\u00e9pe \u0159\u00eddit tak obrovskou spole\u010dnost jako je GE. Z nemotorn\u00e9ho molocha se stal dynamick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost schopn\u00e1 pru\u017en\u011b reagovat na pot\u0159eby trhu.<\/p>\n

Mana\u017eersk\u00fd styl Jacka Welche je op\u0159eden t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 legendami. D\u016frazn\u00fd v\u016fdcovsk\u00fd styl mu vybudoval reputaci tvrd\u00e9ho a\u017e krut\u00e9ho \u0161\u00e9fa, kter\u00fd se na porad\u00e1ch prezentoval doslova brut\u00e1ln\u00ed otev\u0159enost\u00ed. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b i jeho oponenti ho obdivovali za jeho smysl pro fair play. Dlouho se dr\u017eel pravidla, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd rok mus\u00ed ze\u0161t\u00edhlit mana\u017eersk\u00fd apar\u00e1t minim\u00e1ln\u011b o 10%. Za dobu Welchovy vl\u00e1dy, byla hierarchie managementu zredukov\u00e1na z\u00a029 \u00farovn\u00ed na 6. Welch vylo\u017een\u011b nesn\u00e1\u0161el administrativn\u00ed zbyte\u010dnosti a mana\u017eersk\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di, kdokoliv z\u00a0jeho pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch s\u00a0t\u011bmito rysy nem\u011bl \u0161anci ve firm\u011b dlouho p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt. Na druhou stranu dost\u00e1val management pod n\u00edm obrovsk\u00fd prostor pro vlastn\u00ed iniciativu.<\/p>\n

Ne\u00fastupn\u00fd, obdivovan\u00fd, nen\u00e1vid\u011bn\u00fd Jack Welch se zapsal do historie sv\u011btov\u00e9ho byznysu jako v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd mana\u017eersk\u00fd l\u00eddr, kter\u00fd ud\u011blal z General Electric, firmu sv\u011btov\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f. Sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a znalosti nyn\u00ed p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1 jako u\u010ditel managementu na MIT Sloan School.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Za sv\u016fj \u017eivot obdr\u017eel des\u00edtky mana\u017eersk\u00fdch ocen\u011bn\u00ed, v roce 1999 ho magaz\u00edn Fortune jmenoval \u201eMana\u017eerem 20.stolet\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Obdivovan\u00fd stejn\u011b tak i nen\u00e1vid\u011bn\u00fd mana\u017eer se zapsal do historie sv\u011btov\u00e9ho byznysu jako v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd mana\u017eer, kter\u00fd dok\u00e1zal z\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti General Electric vybudovat mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed korporaci gigantick\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f. Pr\u00e1vem se tak za\u0159adil mezi nejrespektovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed byznysmeny druh\u00e9 poloviny 20.stolet\u00ed. Narodil se do rodiny irsk\u00fdch katolick\u00fdch p\u0159ist\u011bhovalc\u016f 19. listopadu 1935 v\u00a0mal\u00e9m m\u011bste\u010dku Peabody, ve st\u00e1t\u011b Massachusetts. Po st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4417,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[194],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-akcie"],"modified_by":"Krpensk\u00fd Martin","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4416","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4416"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4416\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4416"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}