{"id":5142,"date":"2023-05-08T14:22:51","date_gmt":"2023-05-08T12:22:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/?p=5142"},"modified":"2024-02-19T23:58:26","modified_gmt":"2024-02-19T22:58:26","slug":"jaky-je-ve-skutecnosti-prumerny-rocni-vynos-sp-500","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/jaky-je-ve-skutecnosti-prumerny-rocni-vynos-sp-500\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00fd je ve skute\u010dnosti pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd ro\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdnos S&P 500?"},"content":{"rendered":"

S&P 500 index je hlavn\u00edm ukazatelem americk\u00e9ho akciov\u00e9ho trhu<\/strong> a pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejv\u00edce sledovan\u00e9 akciov\u00e9 indexy na sv\u011bt\u011b. Od sv\u00e9ho vzniku v roce 1928 si index udr\u017euje konzistentn\u00ed historii jako hlavn\u00ed ukazatel v\u00fdnosnosti US akci\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zahrnuje v\u00edce ne\u017e 500 nejlep\u0161\u00edch akci\u00ed<\/strong> podle tr\u017en\u00ed hodnoty v Americe, kter\u00e9 se pravideln\u011b obm\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed. Hodnota indexu S&P 500 se vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 na z\u00e1klad\u011b tr\u017en\u00ed kapitalizace jednotliv\u00fdch akci\u00ed.\u00a0 Na z\u00e1klad\u011b dostupn\u00fdch historick\u00fdch dat o hodnot\u00e1ch indexu S&P 500 se pokus\u00edme odpov\u011bd\u011bt na ot\u00e1zku jak\u00fd je pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd ro\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdnos S&P 500, kter\u00fd p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed v pr\u016fb\u011bhu sv\u00e9 dlouh\u00e9 historie investor\u016fm.<\/p>\n

Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd % ro\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdnos indexu S&P 500 za posledn\u00edch 97 let<\/h2>\n

V lednu 1926 byla stanovena uzav\u00edrac\u00ed hodnota indexu S&P 500 pod hranici 100 bod\u016f. K dne\u0161n\u00edmu dnu 08.05.2023 byla uzav\u00edrac\u00ed hodnota indexu stanovena na 4136 bod\u016f.<\/p>\n

Kdybyste na za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 1926 investovali 100 USD do S&P 500 a reinvestovali v\u0161echny dividendy, m\u011bli byste na konci roku 2023 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 173 722,24 USD, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje n\u00e1vratnost investice ve v\u00fd\u0161i 1 173 622,24 % nebo 10,13 % ro\u010dn\u011b. <\/strong>Tato investice v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159ekonala inflaci b\u011bhem tohoto obdob\u00ed, s infla\u010dn\u011b upraven\u00fdm kumulativn\u00edm v\u00fdnosem ve v\u00fd\u0161i asi 68 728,38 % nebo 6,96 % ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"V\u00fdnos<\/a>

V\u00fdnos indexu S&P 500 v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu<\/p><\/div>\n

Ro\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdnos s reinvestic\u00ed dividend<\/h2>\n

CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) je ukazatel, kter\u00fd vyjad\u0159uje pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd ro\u010dn\u00ed r\u016fst v\u00fdnos\u016f investice po dobu ur\u010dit\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed, pokud jsou v\u00fdnosy opakovan\u011b reinvestov\u00e1ny bez odeb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed dividend nebo \u00farok\u016f.<\/p>\n

Tento ukazatel se vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 jako pr\u016fm\u011br ro\u010dn\u00edho r\u016fstu mezi po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed a koncovou hodnotou investice b\u011bhem dan\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed. Pokud nap\u0159\u00edklad investujete do S&P 500 ETF, kter\u00e9 vypl\u00e1c\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00ed dividendy, tyto dividendy se okam\u017eit\u011b reinvestuj\u00ed do stejn\u00e9ho ETF<\/a>, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje slo\u017een\u00e9 investov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Graf n\u00ed\u017ee zobrazuje v\u00fdkonnost 100 USD investovan\u00fdch do S&P 500 indexov\u00e9ho fondu v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu, kdy jsou v\u0161echny dividendy automaticky reinvestov\u00e1ny zp\u011bt do fondu.<\/p>\n

\"Graf<\/a>

Graf v\u00fdvoje investice 100 USD v indexu SP500 v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu<\/p><\/div>\n

Jak vid\u00edm na grafu. Drtiv\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina v\u00fdnosu vznikla a\u017e v posledn\u00edch 30 letech a to zejm\u00e9na d\u00edky pomoci slo\u017een\u00e9ho \u00faro\u010den\u00ed. <\/strong>Slo\u017een\u00e9 \u00faro\u010den\u00ed je zp\u016fsob v\u00fdpo\u010dtu, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m jsou ziskov\u00e9 nebo ztr\u00e1tov\u00e9 v\u00fdnosy p\u0159id\u00e1ny nebo ode\u010dteny k p\u016fvodn\u00edmu kapit\u00e1lu a vytvo\u0159\u00ed se tak nov\u00e1 hodnota, kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed jako z\u00e1klad pro v\u00fdpo\u010det dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdnos\u016f.<\/p>\n

T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem se v\u00fdnosy z p\u0159edchoz\u00edch obdob\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00ed samy o sob\u011b zdrojem nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje zv\u00fd\u0161it celkov\u00fd v\u00fdnos. A jak je na tom index v posledn\u00edch letech? Za posledn\u00edch 30 let index S&P 500 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 vyrostl o 12 % ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdpo\u010dtu z re\u00e1ln\u00e9ho \u017eivota<\/h3>\n

P\u0159edstavme si, \u017ee p\u0159i narozen\u00ed na\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte se rozhodneme investovat do indexu S&P 500. Ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc bychom na tento ETF fond p\u0159isp\u00edvali \u010d\u00e1stkou 3000 K\u010d. Tento pravideln\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1vazek by nejen pomohl vytvo\u0159it solidn\u00ed z\u00e1klad pro budouc\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte, ale mohl by tak\u00e9 slou\u017eit jako d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd finan\u010dn\u00ed pol\u0161t\u00e1\u0159 pro jak\u00e9koli jeho budouc\u00ed ambice, a\u0165 u\u017e jde o zah\u00e1jen\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed, koupi prvn\u00edho domu nebo cestu po sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n

Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad uv\u00e1d\u00ed historickou n\u00e1vratnost S&P 500 ve v\u00fd\u0161i 10,13 % ro\u010dn\u011b, m\u016f\u017eeme tento \u00fadaj pou\u017e\u00edt pro na\u0161i ilustraci.<\/p>\n

Budeme pou\u017e\u00edvat vzorec pro budouc\u00ed hodnotu pravideln\u00fdch investic (FV annuity). Vzorec je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n

\"FV = P \times \left( \frac{(1 + r)^n - 1}{r} \right)\"<\/p>\n

kde:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • FV je budouc\u00ed hodnota investice<\/li>\n
  • P je pravideln\u00e1 investice (v na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b 3000 K\u010d m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b)<\/li>\n
  • r je m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1vratnost investice (ro\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1vratnost d\u011blen\u00e1 12)<\/li>\n
  • n je celkov\u00fd po\u010det investi\u010dn\u00edch obdob\u00ed (m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me, \u017ee ro\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1vratnost je 10,13 %, mus\u00edme tuto hodnotu p\u0159ev\u00e9st na m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1vratnost a pot\u00e9 aplikovat vzorec. V\u011bnujte pozornost tomu, \u017ee v\u00fdpo\u010det bude v korun\u00e1ch a nebude zohled\u0148ovat inflaci nebo kurzov\u00e9 zm\u011bny, pokud se investice prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v USD.<\/p>\n

    Pokud bychom investovali 3000 K\u010d m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b po dobu 18 let s pr\u016fm\u011brnou ro\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1vratnost\u00ed 10,13 %, investice by m\u011bla budouc\u00ed hodnotu p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 738 825,98 K\u010d. Tento v\u00fdpo\u010det p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee v\u0161echny dividendy jsou reinvestov\u00e1ny a \u017ee ro\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1vratnost je konzistentn\u00ed b\u011bhem cel\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed. \u200b<\/p>\n

    Celkov\u00e1 investovan\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka po dobu 18 let p\u0159i m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed investici 3000 K\u010d by byla 648 000 K\u010d. Zisk z t\u00e9to investice, kter\u00fd je rozd\u00edlem mezi budouc\u00ed hodnotou investice a celkovou investovanou \u010d\u00e1stkou, by pak byl p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 090 825,98 K\u010d.<\/p>\n

    Tato kalkulace vych\u00e1z\u00ed z p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee ve\u0161ker\u00e9 dividendy jsou znovu investov\u00e1ny a \u017ee ro\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdnosnost z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1l\u00e1 po celou dobu trv\u00e1n\u00ed. Tento p\u0159\u00edklad jen ukazuje, jak siln\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt slo\u017een\u00fd \u00farok a pravideln\u00e9 investov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i budov\u00e1n\u00ed majetku v dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu a v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neslou\u017e\u00ed, jako investi\u010dn\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00ed!.<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Zhodnocen\u00ed S&P 500 za posledn\u00edch 10 let<\/h2>\n

    N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed tabulka zobrazuje historick\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00ed \u00fadaje o indexu S&P 500, kter\u00fd je jedn\u00edm z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ukazatel\u016f v americk\u00e9m akciov\u00e9m trhu. Tabulka obsahuje data z n\u011bkolika p\u0159edchoz\u00edch let, v\u010detn\u011b pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdch uzav\u00edrac\u00edch cen, otev\u00edrac\u00edch cen na za\u010d\u00e1tku roku, nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch a nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edch cen b\u011bhem roku a zav\u0159en\u00ed na konci roku. Tak\u00e9 zahrnuje procentu\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bny v pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku, co\u017e poskytuje p\u0159ehled o tom, jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem se index vyv\u00edjel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t
    Rok<\/th>Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 uzav\u00edrac\u00ed cena<\/th>Za\u010d\u00e1tek roku<\/th>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed cena<\/th>Nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed cena<\/th>Konec roku<\/th>Ro\u010dn\u00ed zm\u011bna %<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    2023<\/td>4 232,96<\/td>3 824,14<\/td>4 588,96<\/td>3 808,10<\/td>4 411,55<\/td>14,90%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2022<\/td>4 097,49<\/td>4 796,56<\/td>4 796,56<\/td>3 577,03<\/td>3 839,50<\/td>-19,44%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2021<\/td>4 273,41<\/td>3 700,65<\/td>4 793,06<\/td>3 700,65<\/td>4 766,18<\/td>26,89%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2020<\/td>3 217,86<\/td>3 257,85<\/td>3 756,07<\/td>2 237,40<\/td>3 756,07<\/td>16,26%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2019<\/td>2 913,36<\/td>2 510,03<\/td>3 240,02<\/td>2 447,89<\/td>3 230,78<\/td>28,88%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2018<\/td>2 746,21<\/td>2 695,81<\/td>2 930,75<\/td>2 351,10<\/td>2 506,85<\/td>-6,24%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2017<\/td>2 449,08<\/td>2 257,83<\/td>2 690,16<\/td>2 257,83<\/td>2 673,61<\/td>19,42%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2016<\/td>2 094,65<\/td>2 012,66<\/td>2 271,72<\/td>1 829,08<\/td>2 238,83<\/td>9,54%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2015<\/td>2 061,07<\/td>2 058,20<\/td>2 130,82<\/td>1 867,61<\/td>2 043,94<\/td>-0,73%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2014<\/td>1 931,38<\/td>1 831,98<\/td>2 090,57<\/td>1 741,89<\/td>2 058,90<\/td>11,39%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2013<\/td>1 643,80<\/td>1 462,42<\/td>1 848,36<\/td>1 457,15<\/td>1 848,36<\/td>29,60%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2012<\/td>1 379,61<\/td>1 277,06<\/td>1 465,77<\/td>1 277,06<\/td>1 426,19<\/td>13,41%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2011<\/td>1 267,64<\/td>1 271,87<\/td>1 363,61<\/td>1 099,23<\/td>1 257,60<\/td>0,00%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2010<\/td>1 139,97<\/td>1 132,99<\/td>1 259,78<\/td>1 022,58<\/td>1 257,64<\/td>12,78%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2009<\/td>948,05<\/td>931,80<\/td>1 127,78<\/td>676,53<\/td>1 115,10<\/td>23,45%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    S&P 500 index je hlavn\u00edm ukazatelem americk\u00e9ho akciov\u00e9ho trhu a pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejv\u00edce sledovan\u00e9 akciov\u00e9 indexy na sv\u011bt\u011b. Od sv\u00e9ho vzniku v roce 1928 si index udr\u017euje konzistentn\u00ed historii jako hlavn\u00ed ukazatel v\u00fdnosnosti US akci\u00ed. Zahrnuje v\u00edce ne\u017e 500 nejlep\u0161\u00edch akci\u00ed podle tr\u017en\u00ed hodnoty v Americe, kter\u00e9 se pravideln\u011b obm\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed. Hodnota indexu S&P 500 se […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5155,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd ro\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdnos S&P 500 je 10,13 % ro\u010dn\u011b s reinvestic\u00ed dividend, nebo 6,96 % ro\u010dn\u011b bez reinvestice dividend.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[194],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-akcie"],"modified_by":"Krpensk\u00fd Martin","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5142"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5142\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5155"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.forexsrovnavac.cz\/mag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}